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基于FPGA的LVDS多通道視頻流自動(dòng)校準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)
電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用
陳寧1,譙誼1,雷偉林2,杜柏峰2,趙陽(yáng)生2
1.利亞德集團(tuán) 智能顯示研究院;2.中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(北京) 信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院/人工智能學(xué)院
摘要: 基于Micro-LED產(chǎn)品系列,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于FPGA的LVDS自動(dòng)校準(zhǔn)多通道視頻流傳輸系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)外掛GSV2011解碼芯片,把解碼得到的2K@120 Hz/4K@60 Hz視頻流信號(hào),通過(guò)自定義封裝為80 bit數(shù)據(jù)推送到LYDNT27001恒流源顯示驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片。系統(tǒng)中視頻流數(shù)據(jù)傳輸涉及多級(jí)FPGA芯片數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,使用LVDS低壓差分傳輸技術(shù),在數(shù)據(jù)流傳輸過(guò)程中找到參考端和監(jiān)視端信號(hào),從而去調(diào)節(jié)SerDes中數(shù)據(jù)位對(duì)齊和采樣穩(wěn)定性的問(wèn)題。該系統(tǒng)視頻流數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)LVDS多通道傳輸,傳輸速率可達(dá)10 Gb/s。此試驗(yàn)工程表明,該系統(tǒng)能夠穩(wěn)定、可靠、高效工作,具備一定的工程實(shí)用價(jià)值。
中圖分類號(hào):TP274 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.244839
中文引用格式: 陳寧,譙誼,雷偉林,等. 基于FPGA的LVDS多通道視頻流自動(dòng)校準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2024,50(6):84-88.
英文引用格式: Chen Ning,Qiao Yi,Lei Weilin,et al. Design and implementation of automatic calibration with LVDS multi-channel video stream based on FPGA[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(6):84-88.
Design and implementation of automatic calibration with LVDS multi-channel video stream based on FPGA
Chen Ning1,Qiao Yi1,Lei Weilin2,Du Baifeng2,Zhao Yangsheng2
1.Leyard Group, Intelligent Display Research Institute;2.School of Information Science and Engineering / School of Artificial Intelligence, China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
Abstract: Based on the Micro-LED product series, this experimental project has designed an FPGA-based LVDS automatic calibration for the multi-channel video stream transmission system. The system platform is equipped with an external GSV2011 decoding chip, which converts the obtained 2K@120 Hz/4K@60 Hz video stream signals into 80-bit data package according to custom specifications, and then pushes them to the LYDNT27001 constant current source display driver chip. In thise system, the video stream data transmission involves multiple levels of FPGA chip data transfer, utilizing LVDS low-voltage differential transmission technology. In order to adjust the data bit alignment and sampling stability issues with the SerDes, the reference and monitor signals are identified during the process of data stream transmission video stream data of this system transmits through LVDS multiple channels, which can achieve a transmission rate of up to 10 Gb/s. This experimental project demonstrates that the system can operate stably, reliably, and efficiently, therefore it has certain practical value in engineering field.
Key words : FPGA;LVDS;SerDes;Micro-LED;automatic calibration

引言

隨著信息時(shí)代的蓬勃發(fā)展,顯示行業(yè)需求的提高,主流顯示技術(shù)QLED、MiniLED、OLED,逐漸被新一代Micro-LED微顯示器技術(shù)所取代。Micro-LED具有高分辨率、高色域、高穩(wěn)定性、低功耗、尺寸小、壽命長(zhǎng)等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),已成為工業(yè)界研究的熱點(diǎn)[1-3]。市場(chǎng)上Micro-LED恒流源驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片能夠搭載高分辨率的視頻流數(shù)據(jù)。這意味著視頻流傳輸需要更大的帶寬,更高的傳輸速率。

在高速通信領(lǐng)域中一般采用串行/解串器SerDes技術(shù)去做多通道并行通信,SerDes處理信號(hào)走LVDS差分端口。通過(guò)LVDS低壓差分技術(shù)傳輸信號(hào),LVDS比傳統(tǒng)接口有較低的電壓擺幅,較強(qiáng)的抗干擾能力,較高的傳輸速率等優(yōu)點(diǎn)[4]。由于是高速傳輸,時(shí)鐘的采樣具有不穩(wěn)定性和數(shù)據(jù)位對(duì)齊等問(wèn)題。傳統(tǒng)的處理方法是通過(guò)在PC編寫軟件對(duì)采集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較,從而確保通道采樣的正確性[5],通過(guò)上位機(jī)采集,使得系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)更為復(fù)雜,調(diào)節(jié)通道中數(shù)據(jù)位對(duì)齊需要一個(gè)個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)試,時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)。隨著芯片技術(shù)的發(fā)展,現(xiàn)在高端FPGA芯片中具有GT收發(fā)器硬核資源,把數(shù)據(jù)和時(shí)鐘綁定在一起,通過(guò)特殊的編碼方案(例如8B/10B編碼方案)傳輸?shù)浇邮斩耍_保通道中數(shù)據(jù)的正確性[6-9],但是芯片成本較高,在工程應(yīng)用上浪費(fèi)資源。也有通過(guò)眼圖去觀察數(shù)據(jù)的采樣率,確保通道中數(shù)據(jù)能夠被正確接收[10]。本系統(tǒng)采用Xilinx FPGA xc7s15芯片,該芯片不具備GT收發(fā)器等資源。由于無(wú)法將時(shí)鐘和數(shù)據(jù)綁定到同一通道,因此在PCB硬件走線時(shí)會(huì)有差分時(shí)鐘線和差分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)線。具體來(lái)說(shuō)本系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)通過(guò)Xilinx原語(yǔ)去把串行數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為并行數(shù)據(jù),差分時(shí)鐘轉(zhuǎn)為單端時(shí)鐘,并且用單端時(shí)鐘去采樣通道數(shù)據(jù);(2)通過(guò)尋找參考端和監(jiān)視端自適應(yīng)去調(diào)節(jié)BITSLIP數(shù)據(jù)位對(duì)齊模塊和采樣穩(wěn)定性IDELAY模塊;(3)把采樣得到的數(shù)據(jù)推送到恒流源芯片中。本系統(tǒng)在節(jié)省芯片購(gòu)買成本的同時(shí),保證了視頻流數(shù)據(jù)能夠高效、可靠、穩(wěn)定地傳輸,具備實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值。


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作者信息:

陳寧1,譙誼1,雷偉林2,杜柏峰2,趙陽(yáng)生2

(1.利亞德集團(tuán) 智能顯示研究院,北京 100089;2.中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(北京) 信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院/人工智能學(xué)院,北京 102249)


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