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粵港澳大灣區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)要素安全有序跨境流動(dòng)的困境與出路
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理 2023年3期
韓晉雷
(廣西師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院,廣西桂林541000)
摘要: 數(shù)據(jù)要素的價(jià)值潛力在數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代中愈發(fā)明顯,逐漸成為世界各國(guó)創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的新動(dòng)能。數(shù)據(jù)要素安全有序流動(dòng)可以提升我國(guó)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、增進(jìn)我國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)消費(fèi)群體共同福祉、為相關(guān)領(lǐng)域科學(xué)決策奠定良好基礎(chǔ)。粵港澳大灣區(qū)作為我國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放程度和數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平最高的區(qū)域之一,具有“一國(guó)兩制三法域”的特殊性,是數(shù)據(jù)跨境流動(dòng)治理的天然試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)。在推進(jìn)粵港澳大灣區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)要素安全有序跨境流動(dòng)過(guò)程中,面對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)要素權(quán)屬界定尚不明確、流通渠道有待暢通、安全監(jiān)管仍需加強(qiáng)等困境時(shí),只有加快構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)要素產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)制度、建立健全數(shù)據(jù)要素流通平臺(tái)、加強(qiáng)數(shù)據(jù)要素安全保障,才可以有效實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)要素的資源優(yōu)勢(shì),提升我國(guó)在信息化時(shí)代中的國(guó)際地位。
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):D92
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
DOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.03.004
引用格式:韓晉雷.粵港澳大灣區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)要素安全有序跨境流動(dòng)的困境與出路[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,2023,42(3):20-26,33.
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area difficulties and solutions of secure and orderly cross-border flow of data elements
Han Jinlei
(School of Law, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541000, China)
Abstract: The value potential of data elements is becoming more and more obvious in the era of digital economy, and it has gradually become a new driving force to create economic value in the world. The secure and orderly flow of data elements can enhance the international competitiveness of digital economy, enhance the common wellbeing of data consumers, and lay a good foundation for scientific decisionmaking in related fields. As one of the regions with the highest degree of openingup and the highest level of digital economy development in China, the GuangdongHong KongMacao Greater Bay Area has the particularity of “one country, two systems and three legal domains” and is a natural testing ground for the governance of crossborder data flow. In the process of promoting the secure and orderly crossborder flow of data elements in the GuangdongHong KongMacao Greater Bay Area, faced with difficulties such as unclear definition of ownership of data elements, unimpeded circulation channels, and strengthened security supervision, the resource advantages of data elements can be effectively realized and national international status can be enhanced in the information age only by speeding up the construction of property rights protection system of data elements, establishing and improving circulation platforms of data elements, and strengthening security guarantee of data elements.
Key words : GuangdongHong KongMacao Greater Bay Area; data elements; data validation;national security

0引言

數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)成為世界各國(guó)推動(dòng)新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變革的重要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)域。習(xí)近平總書(shū)記曾強(qiáng)調(diào),數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展勢(shì)頭迅猛,其輻射范圍和影響程度前所未有,正在逐步成為重組全球生產(chǎn)要素資源、重塑數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代架構(gòu)、改變?nèi)蚋?jìng)爭(zhēng)格局的關(guān)鍵力量。大數(shù)據(jù)作為一項(xiàng)重要的戰(zhàn)略要素,逐漸成為當(dāng)前信息化時(shí)代的重要基石和市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的關(guān)鍵引擎,成為促進(jìn)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)。根據(jù)國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)Statista的不完全統(tǒng)計(jì),2020年全球數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)生量達(dá)642 ZB,2025年這一數(shù)值預(yù)計(jì)增至181 ZB。近些年,我國(guó)為推動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)要素安全有序流動(dòng),不斷推進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)流動(dòng)相關(guān)制度規(guī)范的制定與落實(shí),為數(shù)據(jù)要素在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制下的基礎(chǔ)性地位提供了制度保障。2020年10月,《中共中央關(guān)于制定國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十四個(gè)五年規(guī)劃和二〇三五年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)的建議》明確提出,要建立健全數(shù)據(jù)要素產(chǎn)權(quán)、境內(nèi)交易、跨境流動(dòng)和安全監(jiān)管等制度規(guī)范,持續(xù)推動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)資源的有效利用。2022年1月,《國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于印發(fā)“十四五”數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)劃的通知》提出要培育有序的數(shù)據(jù)交易市場(chǎng),規(guī)范數(shù)據(jù)交易管理。同年,《政府工作報(bào)告》也強(qiáng)調(diào),政府應(yīng)大力打造數(shù)據(jù)要素市場(chǎng),激發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)要素潛力,促進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)高效有序流通。

推動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)安全有序流動(dòng)對(duì)于提升我國(guó)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力具有重要意義,數(shù)據(jù)跨境流動(dòng)成為數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代不斷發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì)。為促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展和區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)聯(lián)動(dòng)發(fā)展,我國(guó)推出了京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展、長(zhǎng)三角一體化發(fā)展、粵港澳大灣區(qū)建設(shè)、長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展、黃河流域生態(tài)保護(hù)和高質(zhì)量發(fā)展五大發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。而在這“三區(qū)兩流域”的國(guó)家級(jí)區(qū)域戰(zhàn)略中,只有粵港澳大灣區(qū)擁有“一國(guó)兩制、三個(gè)關(guān)稅區(qū)、三個(gè)法域”,雖然其可以成為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的特色優(yōu)勢(shì),但也面臨著數(shù)據(jù)要素跨境流動(dòng)亟需解決的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題?;浉郯拇鬄硡^(qū)基于其獨(dú)特的制度關(guān)系和地理位置,恰可以成為我國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)跨境治理的“探路者”,對(duì)于消除數(shù)據(jù)流動(dòng)阻礙因素、實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)要素在全球范圍內(nèi)暢通流動(dòng)具有重要意義。




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作者信息:

韓晉雷

(廣西師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院,廣西桂林541000)

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