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采茶機(jī)器人SCARA機(jī)械手的軌跡規(guī)劃與控制
2020年信息技術(shù)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全第4期
汪琳,關(guān)勝曉
(中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué) 信息科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院,安徽 合肥 230026)
摘要: 考慮到采茶機(jī)器人的整體性能,采用SCARA機(jī)械手作為其采摘機(jī)構(gòu),以滿足名優(yōu)茶自動(dòng)化采摘的需求。首先采用D-H法建立機(jī)械手的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,并結(jié)合MATLAB Robotic Toolbox建立其空間仿真模型;其次采用五次多項(xiàng)式插值算法對(duì)機(jī)械手主要關(guān)節(jié)的運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行軌跡規(guī)劃;最后將SCARA機(jī)械手簡(jiǎn)化為XOY平面內(nèi)的兩關(guān)節(jié)機(jī)械手,結(jié)合其一般動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,在MATLAB/Simulink中采用S函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)基于自適應(yīng)算法補(bǔ)償?shù)腜D控制系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行軌跡跟蹤仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明自適應(yīng)魯棒PD控制策略能夠精確地跟蹤機(jī)械手大臂和小臂關(guān)節(jié)的控制輸入,使得各關(guān)節(jié)能夠快速地跟蹤到期望位置,跟蹤誤差較小。
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TP242.6
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
DOI: 10.19358/j.issn.2096-5133.2020.04.014
引用格式:汪琳,關(guān)勝曉.采茶機(jī)器人SCARA機(jī)械手的軌跡規(guī)劃與控制[J].信息技術(shù)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全,2020,39(4):73-80.
Trajectory planning and control for SCARA manipulator of tea picking robot
Wang Lin,Guan Shengxiao
(School of Information Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)
Abstract: Considering the whole performance of a tea picking robot,this paper uses the SCARA manipulator as its picking mechanism to meet the needs of picking famous tea automatically.Firstly,the DH method is used to establish the kinematics model of the manipulator,and its spatial model is established by using MATLAB Robotic Toolbox.Secondly,the fifthorder polynomial interpolation algorithm is used to plan the trajectories of main joints of the manipulator.Finally,the SCARA manipulator is simplified to a twojoint manipulator in XOY plane.Combining its general dynamics model,this paper uses Sfunction in MATLAB/Simulink to design a PD control system based on adaptive algorithm compensation,and performs trajectory tracking simulation experiments.The experimental results show that the adaptive robust PD control strategy can accurately track the control inputs of the manipulator′s boom and forearm joints,so that each joint can quickly track to the desired position.The tracking error is small.
Key words : tea picking robot;SCARA manipulator;kinematics modelling;trajectory planning;trajectory tracking control

0    引言

近年來(lái),茶葉產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷發(fā)展,對(duì)茶葉的采摘要求也越來(lái)越高,目前茶園主要通過(guò)采茶工人和使用采茶機(jī)兩種方式來(lái)采摘茶葉。其中,人工采摘對(duì)勞動(dòng)力的需求量較大,在采茶旺季往往會(huì)面臨勞動(dòng)力短缺的現(xiàn)象,隨著城市化的發(fā)展和人口老齡化的加劇,越來(lái)越多的年輕人不愿意從事采茶工作,使得采茶工人中大多都是婦女和老年人,采摘效率低下,但茶葉的采摘具有很強(qiáng)的時(shí)令限制,人工短缺會(huì)造成很多茶園的季節(jié)性茶葉無(wú)法得到及時(shí)的采摘,成為茶葉產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主要障礙;使用采茶機(jī)采摘雖然提高了茶葉的采摘效率,但目前的采茶機(jī)在工作時(shí)仍需要人員參與其中,無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)完全自動(dòng)化,且無(wú)法滿足名優(yōu)茶有選擇性的高質(zhì)量采摘要求。為了緩解這種現(xiàn)狀,提高茶葉的采摘質(zhì)量和效率,越來(lái)越多的高校與學(xué)者開(kāi)始研究智能采茶機(jī)器人,通過(guò)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)和算法設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)器人的自動(dòng)行走功能,從而解放人類(lèi)雙手;通過(guò)視覺(jué)處理系統(tǒng)自主完成茶葉的識(shí)別定位與新葉老葉的判別,再控制機(jī)械手完成指定茶葉的自動(dòng)化采摘,市場(chǎng)應(yīng)用前景廣闊。




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作者信息:

汪琳,關(guān)勝曉

(中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué) 信息科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院,安徽 合肥 230026)


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