改進LCR儀表測量穩(wěn)定性的相位裕度優(yōu)化方法及硬件實現(xiàn)
電子技術應用
楊學文,陳靈強,馬凱元
河北工程大學 信息與電氣工程學院
摘要: 為解決LCR表在測量容性阻抗時的自激問題,設計了一種增強測量穩(wěn)定性的LCR儀表。通過分析測量前端自平衡電橋電路的相位裕度,采用相位補償電路解決因相位滯后造成的自激問題。應用直接數(shù)字頻率合成技術結合相位校準電路設計,產生相位準確的正交測量信號。使用開關鑒相式鎖相放大器處理微弱信號,經16位模數(shù)轉換器采集后輸入到微處理器進行矢量信號合成與輸出顯示。相比專業(yè)儀器,所設計樣機對電阻測量相對誤差可達0.5%,對大電容測量相對誤差可達1%。
中圖分類號:TN98 文獻標志碼:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.245400
中文引用格式: 楊學文,陳靈強,馬凱元. 改進LCR儀表測量穩(wěn)定性的相位裕度優(yōu)化方法及硬件實現(xiàn)[J]. 電子技術應用,2024,50(12):70-76.
英文引用格式: Yang Xuewen,Chen Lingqiang,Ma Kaiyuan. Phase margin optimization method and hardware realization to improve the measuring stability of LCR instrument[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(12):70-76.
中文引用格式: 楊學文,陳靈強,馬凱元. 改進LCR儀表測量穩(wěn)定性的相位裕度優(yōu)化方法及硬件實現(xiàn)[J]. 電子技術應用,2024,50(12):70-76.
英文引用格式: Yang Xuewen,Chen Lingqiang,Ma Kaiyuan. Phase margin optimization method and hardware realization to improve the measuring stability of LCR instrument[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(12):70-76.
Phase margin optimization method and hardware realization to improve the measuring stability of LCR instrument
Yang Xuewen,Chen Lingqiang,Ma Kaiyuan
School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering
Abstract: To address the self-excitation issue in the measurement of capacitive impedance using LCR meters, an LCR instrument has been developed to enhance measurement stability. By analyzing the phase margin of the self-balancing bridge circuit at the measurement front-end, a phase compensation circuit has been employed to resolve the self-excitation problem caused by phase lag. Utilizing direct digital frequency synthesis combined with a phase calibration circuit design, quadrature measurement signals of accurate phase are generated. A switch-phase discriminator lock-in amplifier is used to process weak signals, which are sampled by a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter and input into the microprocessor for vector signal synthesis and output display. Compared to professional instruments, the prototype designed has achieved a relative error of up to 0.5% for resistance measurements and up to 1% for large capacitance measurements.
Key words : self-balancing bridge;phase margin;direct digital frequency synthesis;phase-locked amplifier
引言
測量阻抗有許多方法[1-3],有電橋法、諧振法、自平衡法、網絡分析法等,常見的LCR表多使用自平衡法進行阻抗測量,該法基于自平衡電橋電路,適合直流至幾兆赫茲的低頻段測量。
本文基于自平衡法設計了可以增強容性器件測量穩(wěn)定性的LCR儀表。通過分析前端輸入電路的相位裕度,使用相位補償電路解決了測量高容性器件時引起的自平衡電路自激問題。使用鎖相放大技術和直接數(shù)字頻率合成技術提高測量精度。實驗表明所設計樣機與專業(yè)儀器測量結果較匹配,且在高容性輸入時可保持穩(wěn)定測量。
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作者信息:
楊學文,陳靈強,馬凱元
(河北工程大學 信息與電氣工程學院,河北 邯鄲 056038)
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