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基于形态学滤波和时频谱图对消的多跳频信号参数估计
2021年电子技术应用第12期
刘佳敏1,赵知劲1,2,叶学义1,王李军2
1.杭州电子科技大学 通信工程学院,浙江 杭州310018; 2.中国电子科技集团第36研究所 通信系统信息控制技术国家级重点实验室,浙江 嘉兴314001
摘要: 针对复杂电磁环境下多跳频信号的参数估计问题,提出一种基于多尺度形态学滤波和时频谱图对消的信号参数盲估计算法。首先根据跳频信号、干扰和噪声的时频特征差异性,采用多尺度形态学滤波消除噪声、突发和扫频信号,并利用谱图对消法剔除定频信号;然后通过八连通域标记获取跳频信号的位置信息,利用改进的K-means聚类算法实现异速跳频信号的分离;最后由各类簇参数估计多跳频信号的周期、跳变时刻和跳频频率。仿真结果表明,与利用形态学滤波并提取时频脊线的方法相比,该算法在低信噪比下具有更高的估计精度,且在定频、跳频信号发生频率碰撞时,仍能准确估计跳频参数。
中圖分類號(hào): TN914.41
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.211459
中文引用格式: 劉佳敏,趙知?jiǎng)牛~學(xué)義,等. 基于形態(tài)學(xué)濾波和時(shí)頻譜圖對(duì)消的多跳頻信號(hào)參數(shù)估計(jì)[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2021,47(12):83-88.
英文引用格式: Liu Jiamin,Zhao Zhijin,Ye Xueyi,et al. Morphological filtering and time-spectrogram cancellation based parameters estimation algorithm of multi FH signals[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2021,47(12):83-88.
Morphological filtering and time-spectrogram cancellation based parameters estimation algorithm of multi FH signals
Liu Jiamin1,Zhao Zhijin1,2,Ye Xueyi1,Wang Lijun2
1.School of Communication Engineering,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China; 2.State Key Lab of Information Control Technology in Communication System, The 36th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Jiaxing 314001,China
Abstract: Aiming at estimating the parameters of multi-frequency hopping signals in complex electromagnetic environment, a blind estimation algorithm of signals parameters based on multi-scale morphological filtering and time-spectrogram cancellation is proposed. Firstly, considering the characteristic differences of frequency hopping signals, interference signals and noise, multi-scale morphological filtering is used to eliminate the noise, frequency sweep signals and burst signals, the time-spectrogram cancellation is used to remove the fixed-frequency signals. Then the position information of the frequency hopping signals is obtained through the eight-connected domain mark, and then the all-speed frequency hopping signals are separated by the improved K-means clustering algorithm. Finally, the period, hopping time and frequency of multiple frequency hopping signals are estimated according to the parameters of each class cluster. The simulation results show that compared with the estimation algorithm that uses morphological filtering and extracts the time-frequency ridge, the proposed algorithm has higher estimation accuracy under low signal-to-noise ratio, and even though the frequency collision between frequency hopping signals and the fixed frequency signals occurs, the frequency hopping parameters can still be estimated accurately.
Key words : frequency hopping signal;parameter estimation;morphological filtering;time-spectrogram cancellation;clustering

0 引言

    跳頻信號(hào)因其具有較強(qiáng)的抗干擾、抗截獲和抗衰落等能力,被廣泛應(yīng)用于軍事通信[1]。跳頻信號(hào)參數(shù)估計(jì)是通信偵察的主要任務(wù)之一,隨著電磁環(huán)境的日益復(fù)雜,參數(shù)精確估計(jì)變得愈發(fā)困難。當(dāng)前,跳頻信號(hào)參數(shù)估計(jì)算法可分為非時(shí)頻分析法和時(shí)頻分析法兩大類,由于大多數(shù)非時(shí)頻分析法需要已知一些特定條件,且只能估計(jì)出跳頻信號(hào)的部分參數(shù),因此簡單直觀且無需先驗(yàn)信息的時(shí)頻分析法更適用于跳頻信號(hào)的參數(shù)盲估計(jì)。文獻(xiàn)[2]通過兩次短時(shí)傅里葉變換(Short-Time Fourier Transform,STFT)估計(jì)信號(hào)跳變時(shí)刻并利用多重信號(hào)分類算法進(jìn)行頻率估計(jì),具有較高估計(jì)精度,但無法兼顧時(shí)間和頻率分辨率。文獻(xiàn)[3]將STFT和平滑偽魏格納-威爾分布(Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville Distribution,SPWVD)相結(jié)合,在提高時(shí)頻分辨率的同時(shí)抑制了交叉項(xiàng)干擾,但只適用于同步網(wǎng)臺(tái)的跳頻信號(hào)參數(shù)估計(jì),且部分參數(shù)估計(jì)精度受信號(hào)能量分布影響嚴(yán)重。文獻(xiàn)[4]~[8]通過提取跳頻信號(hào)時(shí)頻脊線進(jìn)行參數(shù)估計(jì),文獻(xiàn)[8]在文獻(xiàn)[7]的基礎(chǔ)上利用迭代法去噪和基于駐留時(shí)長的K-means聚類進(jìn)行參數(shù)估計(jì),提升了算法抗噪性能,但在定頻信號(hào)與跳頻信號(hào)發(fā)生頻率碰撞時(shí)算法失效。為了提升參數(shù)估計(jì)性能,文獻(xiàn)[9]~[12]在不同時(shí)頻變換的基礎(chǔ)上引入圖像處理技術(shù),采用形態(tài)學(xué)濾波對(duì)時(shí)頻圖像進(jìn)行處理后,提取時(shí)頻脊線完成跳頻信號(hào)的參數(shù)估計(jì),相比于直接提取時(shí)頻脊線的參數(shù)估計(jì)法,這些方法具有更高的精確度,但都僅針對(duì)單個(gè)跳頻信號(hào)的參數(shù)估計(jì)。文獻(xiàn)[2]~[11]僅考慮了存在高斯白噪聲或定頻信號(hào)的簡單電磁環(huán)境,而文獻(xiàn)[12]在較強(qiáng)干擾背景下算法性能發(fā)生惡化甚至失效。




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作者信息:

劉佳敏1,趙知?jiǎng)?,2,葉學(xué)義1,王李軍2

(1.杭州電子科技大學(xué) 通信工程學(xué)院,浙江 杭州310018;

2.中國電子科技集團(tuán)第36研究所 通信系統(tǒng)信息控制技術(shù)國家級(jí)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,浙江 嘉興314001)




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