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基于STM32的單相電機(jī)調(diào)速控制器的設(shè)計(jì)
2021年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第8期
王卓然,曾 敏,袁 松,胡子鑫
華南理工大學(xué) 機(jī)械與汽車工程學(xué)院,廣東 廣州510641
摘要: 針對(duì)模擬調(diào)速方法控制精度和柔性差的缺點(diǎn),提出了一種數(shù)字化的單相電機(jī)調(diào)速方案。介紹了單相交流調(diào)壓調(diào)速原理,設(shè)計(jì)了控制器主電路和過零檢測(cè)電路,對(duì)電路進(jìn)行了仿真和參數(shù)優(yōu)化,在此基礎(chǔ)上搭建了基于STM32的單相電機(jī)調(diào)壓調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)并進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。仿真與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,過零信號(hào)檢測(cè)判斷準(zhǔn)確,實(shí)驗(yàn)波形與理論分析一致,實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)字化調(diào)壓調(diào)速。
中圖分類號(hào): TM343
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.201188
中文引用格式: 王卓然,曾敏,袁松,等. 基于STM32的單相電機(jī)調(diào)速控制器的設(shè)計(jì)[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2021,47(8):116-119.
英文引用格式: Wang Zhuoran,Zeng Min,Yuan Song,et al. Design of single-phase motor speed controller based on STM32[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2021,47(8):116-119.
Design of single-phase motor speed controller based on STM32
Wang Zhuoran,Zeng Min,Yuan Song,Hu Zixin
School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China
Abstract: Aiming poor precision and flexibility of the analog speed control method, a digital speed control scheme for the single-phase motor is proposed. Firstly, the principle of single-phase AC variable voltage speed control is introduced, the main circuit of the controller and the zero-crossing detection circuit are designed, and then the circuit simulation and parameter optimization are carried out. On that basis, an STM32-based variable voltage speed controller for the single-phase motor is built. The zero-crossing detection of supply voltage is accurate. The simulated and experimental results are shown to be in good agreement, verifying the reliability of the digital speed control method.
Key words : variable voltage speed control;single-phase asynchronous motor;STM32;TRIAC;digital control

0 引言

    單相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、價(jià)格低、性能良好、操作方便等特點(diǎn),被廣泛地應(yīng)用于工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和日常生活中[1-2]。目前異步電機(jī)的調(diào)速方法主要采用變頻調(diào)速和調(diào)壓調(diào)速兩種[3],其中調(diào)壓調(diào)速線路簡(jiǎn)單、成本低廉、沒有諧波干擾現(xiàn)象,在異步電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速控制方面已逐步體現(xiàn)出優(yōu)勢(shì)。另外,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速控制,與常規(guī)模擬調(diào)速方法相比較,數(shù)字控制具有控制精度高、柔性化和模塊化程度高等特點(diǎn),對(duì)外部環(huán)境復(fù)雜、對(duì)產(chǎn)品性能要求高的場(chǎng)景(如風(fēng)機(jī)的通風(fēng)、排塵和冷卻)適用性更好[4-5]。

    本文提出了一種基于STM32F103控制的單相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)壓調(diào)速方法,通過控制雙向晶閘管(TRIAC)導(dǎo)通時(shí)間實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)壓調(diào)速。設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的主電路和控制電路,通過仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)分析優(yōu)化電路參數(shù),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)調(diào)壓調(diào)速目的。




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作者信息:

王卓然,曾  敏,袁  松,胡子鑫

(華南理工大學(xué) 機(jī)械與汽車工程學(xué)院,廣東 廣州510641)




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