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公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營的隱私保護(hù)和效益提升——基于制度分析與發(fā)展(IAD)框架
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理
趙詩佳
中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)公共管理學(xué)院
摘要: 當(dāng)前公共數(shù)據(jù)開放多為無門檻向全社會開放原始數(shù)據(jù),無法發(fā)揮公共數(shù)據(jù)的深層效益,基于此公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。然而,數(shù)據(jù)效益提升和個(gè)人隱私保護(hù)存在天然矛盾關(guān)系,公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營很難將二者兼顧?;诠矓?shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營的實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀,運(yùn)用制度分析與發(fā)展(IAD)框架,針對隱私保護(hù)和效益提升的兩難困境進(jìn)行深度剖析。最終從規(guī)范外部變量、完善行動舞臺、優(yōu)化相互作用三個(gè)方面總結(jié)紓困之道,得出隱私保護(hù)與效益提升的最優(yōu)解。
中圖分類號:G203文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:ADOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2024.10.011
引用格式:趙詩佳.公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營的隱私保護(hù)和效益提升——基于制度分析與發(fā)展(IAD)框架[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,2024,43(10):68-74.
Privacy protection and efficiency improvement of public data authorization operation: based on the IAD framework
Zhao Shijia
School of Public Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law
Abstract: Currently, public data is mostly opened to the whole society as raw data without thresholds, failing to yield deep benefits. Thus, authorized operation of public data emerged. However, there′s a contradiction between data benefit improvement and personal privacy protection, making it hard to balance both. Based on the current practice situation of the authorized operation of public data, this paper uses IAD framework to conduct an in-depth analysis of the dilemma of privacy protection and benefit improvement. Finally, the solutions to the predicament are summarized from three aspects: regulating external variables, improving the action arena, and optimizing the interaction, and the optimal solution for privacy protection and benefit improvement is obtained.
Key words : public data; authorized operation; privacy protection; efficiency improvement; IAD framework

引言

2021年,《中華人民共和國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展第十四個(gè)五年規(guī)劃和2035年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)綱要》指出“開展政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)運(yùn)營試點(diǎn)”。2022年,國務(wù)院下發(fā)《“十四五”數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)劃》進(jìn)一步明確“對具有經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會價(jià)值、允許加工利用的政務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)和公共數(shù)據(jù),通過數(shù)據(jù)開放、特許開發(fā)、授權(quán)應(yīng)用等方式,鼓勵(lì)更多社會力量進(jìn)行增值開發(fā)利用”。公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營是公共數(shù)據(jù)開放的一種新形勢,具備有償性,重點(diǎn)聚焦公共數(shù)據(jù)的開發(fā)利用和效益提升。目前,公共數(shù)據(jù)正在從以“開放”為核心向以“開放利用”為核心轉(zhuǎn)變。隨著第三方運(yùn)營主體的介入,個(gè)人隱私保護(hù)也將面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)。國務(wù)院在“十四五”規(guī)劃中突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了個(gè)人隱私保護(hù)的重要性,保護(hù)公民的個(gè)人隱私安全是公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營開展的必要前提。


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作者信息:

趙詩佳

(中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)公共管理學(xué)院,湖北武漢430073)


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