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公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營的關(guān)鍵問題與實(shí)施架構(gòu)研究
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理
盧啟剛1,陳晨2,師旭穎2,王思博2,吳映波1
1.重慶大學(xué)大數(shù)據(jù)與軟件學(xué)院;2.中電數(shù)創(chuàng)(北京)科技有限公司
摘要: 公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營是充分釋放公共數(shù)據(jù)價(jià)值的重要途徑,自國家“數(shù)據(jù)二十條”出臺(tái)以來,各地紛紛加快公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營建設(shè)工作的部署。系統(tǒng)分析了公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營的理論研究成果和地方實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出了我國公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營發(fā)展大致經(jīng)歷了基礎(chǔ)準(zhǔn)備、試點(diǎn)探索、加速落地三個(gè)階段;歸納總結(jié)了地方實(shí)踐過程中,在授權(quán)主體、授權(quán)路徑、數(shù)據(jù)供給、平臺(tái)建設(shè)、收益分配、服務(wù)生態(tài)六方面仍存在亟待解決的問題;最后,以問題為導(dǎo)向,構(gòu)建了制度規(guī)則、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、運(yùn)營生態(tài)相結(jié)合的實(shí)施架構(gòu),以期為地方政府更加高效有序地開展公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營工作提供有效借鑒。
中圖分類號(hào):F49文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:ADOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2024.05.012
引用格式:盧啟剛,陳晨,師旭穎,等.公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營的關(guān)鍵問題與實(shí)施架構(gòu)研究[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,2024,43(5):83-92.
Research on the key considerations and architecture framework for implementing public data authorization operation
Lu Qigang1,Chen Chen2,Shi Xuying2,Wang Sibo2,Wu Yingbo1
1.School of Big Data and Software, Chongqing University; 2. China Electronics Digital Innovation
Abstract: The authorized operation of public data plays a crucial role in unlocking its value. Following the establishment of a fundamental data policy in December 2022, local governments have rapidly accelerated the deployment of construction work specific to public data authorization operations. This paper thoroughly investigates the theoretical research and practical experience, outlining how the evolution of the authorized operation of public data transitioned through basic preparation stage, the pilot exploration stage, and the accelerated landing stage. Additionally, this paper also identifies key challenges including authorization subject, authorization path, data supply, platform construction, revenue distribution, and service ecology, all in consideration of local realities. In response to these challenges, this research proposes an engineering implementation framework that combines institutional rules, infrastructure, and operation ecology. This framework aims to serve as a practical guide for local government to manage the authorization of public data more effectively and systematically.
Key words : public data; authorization operation; data elements; open sharing; digital economy

引言

公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營”是具有中國特色的公共數(shù)據(jù)開發(fā)利用探索路徑,是數(shù)據(jù)要素市場(chǎng)化配置改革的關(guān)鍵突破口,對(duì)于加快數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、數(shù)字中國建設(shè)具有戰(zhàn)略性支撐作用。2022年12月,國務(wù)院印發(fā)《中共中央 國務(wù)院關(guān)于構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)制度更好發(fā)揮數(shù)據(jù)要素作用的意見》(下文簡(jiǎn)稱《數(shù)據(jù)二十條》),從國家層面對(duì)公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營建設(shè)提出了具體要求,公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營工作按下快進(jìn)鍵。2023年以來,各地公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營制度建設(shè)提速,部分先發(fā)地區(qū)正邁入實(shí)踐落地與規(guī)范發(fā)展階段,取得了一定的進(jìn)展和成效。然而,公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營是一項(xiàng)開創(chuàng)性、探索性的改革任務(wù),具體實(shí)踐落地過程中仍面臨著制度規(guī)范不完善、公共數(shù)據(jù)安全保障難度大、參與主體積極性不高等問題,制約著公共數(shù)據(jù)在更廣范圍、更深層次、更高質(zhì)量的開發(fā)利用。當(dāng)前,以地方政府主導(dǎo)授權(quán)和以垂直領(lǐng)域行業(yè)管理部門牽引授權(quán)的探索均積極推進(jìn),本文重點(diǎn)針對(duì)地方政府授權(quán)模式開展研究。如何清晰地認(rèn)識(shí)公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營的演進(jìn)過程和關(guān)鍵問題,并探索構(gòu)建公共數(shù)據(jù)授權(quán)運(yùn)營系統(tǒng)化落地方案,將對(duì)突破現(xiàn)階段地方實(shí)踐瓶頸具有重要借鑒意義。 


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作者信息:

盧啟剛1,陳晨2,師旭穎2,王思博2,吳映波1

(1.重慶大學(xué)大數(shù)據(jù)與軟件學(xué)院,重慶401331;2.中電數(shù)創(chuàng)(北京)科技有限公司,北京100190)


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