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基于FPGA的電磁繼電器在線測(cè)試系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用
夏磊1,呂亮2,廉迪雅3
1.中車南京浦鎮(zhèn)車輛有限公司;2.上海地鐵維護(hù)保障有限公司車輛分公司; 3.西南交通大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院
摘要: 電磁繼電器在現(xiàn)代國(guó)防軍事、工業(yè)自動(dòng)化以及交通運(yùn)輸?shù)阮I(lǐng)域應(yīng)用廣泛,當(dāng)系統(tǒng)中的電磁繼電器發(fā)生失效時(shí)將影響整個(gè)電氣系統(tǒng)的可靠運(yùn)行。為了提高電氣系統(tǒng)的可靠性,需要檢測(cè)繼電器的特性參數(shù),以評(píng)估其工作性能并提高其穩(wěn)定性。針對(duì)電磁繼電器觸點(diǎn)易失效問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一套基于FPGA的電磁繼電器在線測(cè)試系統(tǒng)。采用鐵路繼電器作為試品,分析繼電器的各項(xiàng)特性參數(shù),并選取能反映其觸點(diǎn)退化程度的時(shí)間參數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。這種能夠應(yīng)用于多型號(hào)繼電器的便攜式在線測(cè)試系統(tǒng),可實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)繼電器吸合和釋放過程中的電壓變化波形并進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ),為后續(xù)繼電器的性能狀態(tài)評(píng)估提供了數(shù)據(jù)支撐,也為電磁繼電器的維修維護(hù)提供了參考數(shù)據(jù)。
中圖分類號(hào):U224.4 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.244875
中文引用格式: 夏磊,呂亮,廉迪雅. 基于FPGA的電磁繼電器在線測(cè)試系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2024,50(6):37-41.
英文引用格式: Xia Lei,Lv Liang,Lian Diya. Design of electromagnetic relay online test system based on FPGA[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(6):37-41.
Design of electromagnetic relay online test system based on FPGA
Xia Lei1,Lv Liang2,Lian Diya3
1.CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd.; 2.Shanghai Metro Maintenance and Support Co., Ltd., Vehicle Branch; 3.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University
Abstract: Electromagnetic relays are widely used in the fields of modern national defense, military, industrial automation and transportation. When the electromagnetic relays fail in the system, the reliable operation of the entire electrical system will be affected. In order to improve the reliability of the electrical system, it is necessary to test the characteristic parameters of the relay to evaluate its working performance and improve its stability. Aiming at the problem of easy failure of electromagnetic relay contact, this paper designs a set of online testing system of electromagnetic relay based on FPGA. The railway relay is used as a sample, the characteristic parameters of the relay are analyzed, and the time parameters which can reflect the degree of contact degradation are selected for testing. This portable online test system, which can be applied to multiple relay models, can detect the waveforms of voltage changes during relay suction and release in real time and store the data. It provides data support for the subsequent performance status evaluation of relays, and also provides reference data for the repair and maintenance of electromagnetic relays.
Key words : electromagnetic relay;test system;FPGA;time parameter;data analysis

引言

電磁繼電器是實(shí)現(xiàn)控制目標(biāo)、信號(hào)傳遞、電路隔離的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,其可靠性能夠影響整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定與安全[1],特別是航空航天、國(guó)防、交通等系統(tǒng),一旦發(fā)生故障將造成巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此要求其觸點(diǎn)必須動(dòng)作一致、可靠、準(zhǔn)確且有穩(wěn)定的時(shí)間特性和電氣參數(shù)特性。觸點(diǎn)的退化會(huì)導(dǎo)致其表面形貌發(fā)生改變,引起觸點(diǎn)接觸失效,隨著觸點(diǎn)表面污染物成分逐漸增多,將出現(xiàn)有效接觸面積減小,進(jìn)而縮短其電壽命直至失效。

繼電器的時(shí)間參數(shù)是反映其工作特性及可靠性的一項(xiàng)重要指標(biāo),精確地進(jìn)行電氣參數(shù)測(cè)試和時(shí)間參數(shù)分析計(jì)算,不僅有助于分析繼電器失效的機(jī)理,還可為其性能分析和壽命預(yù)測(cè)提供重要數(shù)據(jù)支持[2]。近年來,科研人員在繼電器時(shí)間參數(shù)方面進(jìn)行了大量的研究[3]。Li等人[4]為了研究航空航天用電磁繼電器的接觸可靠性,提出了一種電磁繼電器穩(wěn)定時(shí)間的測(cè)量方法,并設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)測(cè)試設(shè)備,可高精度測(cè)量超程使間、燃弧時(shí)間等時(shí)間參數(shù)。Zhou等人[5]還驗(yàn)證了超程時(shí)間、吸合時(shí)間等參數(shù)是用于診斷繼電器故障的有效參數(shù)。眾多研究表明,對(duì)電磁繼電器的時(shí)間參數(shù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算和分析具有重要的研究?jī)r(jià)值。

本文通過分析電磁繼電器的特性參數(shù),提出了一種基于FPGA的繼電器參數(shù)在線測(cè)試系統(tǒng),對(duì)繼電器的時(shí)間特性參數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試,下文對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行詳述。


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作者信息:

夏磊1,呂亮2,廉迪雅3

(1.中車南京浦鎮(zhèn)車輛有限公司,江蘇 南京 210000;

2.上海地鐵維護(hù)保障有限公司車輛分公司,上海 200000;

3.西南交通大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院,四川 成都 610031)


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