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大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代算法審計(jì)構(gòu)想
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理 2期
付冉冉
(南京審計(jì)大學(xué) 法學(xué)院,江蘇 南京211815)
摘要: 在現(xiàn)代語境里,算法是解決問題的自動(dòng)化程序,在公共管理、司法裁判、金融系統(tǒng)、以及商業(yè)領(lǐng)域等都得到廣泛應(yīng)用。算法應(yīng)用一方面提高了社會(huì)整體的運(yùn)行效率,另一方面也因其復(fù)雜的技術(shù)性特征導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)管理的失序。當(dāng)前,我國(guó)算法規(guī)制體系立法較為松散、監(jiān)管主體不夠明析,而審計(jì)作為一種獨(dú)立而成熟的審查制度,在算法設(shè)計(jì)監(jiān)督、算法數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)以及算法決策法律問責(zé)中都大有可為,可解決算法監(jiān)管體系松散、監(jiān)管責(zé)任不明等問題。在審計(jì)監(jiān)管模式下,可由專業(yè)人員制定審計(jì)計(jì)劃,根據(jù)特定的審計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估和事實(shí)審查,給出審計(jì)結(jié)論,制作審計(jì)報(bào)告、進(jìn)行審計(jì)公開,對(duì)相關(guān)人員實(shí)施問責(zé)以及開展后續(xù)審計(jì)質(zhì)量追蹤。由第三方審計(jì)、平臺(tái)自我規(guī)制與行業(yè)自律相結(jié)合,算法監(jiān)管可迎來新的突破。
中圖分類號(hào): F239
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A
DOI: 10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.02.008
引用格式: 付冉冉. 大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代算法審計(jì)構(gòu)想[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,2023,42(2):48-52.
The conception of algorithm audit in big data era
Fu Ranran
(School of Law,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China)
Abstract: In the modern context, algorithm is an automatic program to solve problems, which is widely used in public management, judicial adjudication, financial system, business and so on. On the one hand, the application of the algorithm improves the operation efficiency of the whole society;on the other hand, it also leads to the disorder of social management because of its complex technical characteristics. At present, the legislation of the algorithm regulation system in our country is relatively loose, and the supervision subject is not clear enough, and audit, as an independent and mature examination system, has great potential in the supervision of algorithm design, algorithm data protection and legal accountability of algorithm decision-making. It can solve the problems such as loose algorithm supervision system and unclear supervision responsibility. Under the audit supervision mode, professionals can formulate audit plans, conduct risk assessment and factual review according to specific audit standards, give audit conclusions, produce audit reports, conduct audit publicity, and implement accountability to relevant personnel and follow-up audit quality follow-up. By the combination of third-party audit, platform self-regulation and industry self-discipline, algorithm supervision can usher in a new breakthrough.
Key words : algorithm;algorithm risk;algorithm governance;algorithm audit

0 引言

在大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代,算法得到廣泛應(yīng)用,政府治理和社會(huì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)均離不開算法的參與。當(dāng)前chatGPT的開發(fā)使用使人工智能應(yīng)用迎來了一波新的討論,使很多問題通過智能化程序得到答案,其程度已遠(yuǎn)超人們的想象。人們?cè)隗@嘆它巨大的工具價(jià)值之余,同時(shí)也會(huì)擔(dān)憂它是否會(huì)代替人們工作而造成失業(yè)問題,以及人的創(chuàng)造能力是否會(huì)因此退化等問題。

因此,一方面算法的應(yīng)用為社會(huì)治理提供效率價(jià)值,另一方面算法復(fù)雜的技術(shù)特性決定了算法在運(yùn)行中存在著諸多社會(huì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。我們亟需構(gòu)建一套完整而獨(dú)立的算法規(guī)制制度,在算法應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域、算法開發(fā)、算法設(shè)計(jì)與算法決策等環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行審計(jì)審查,使算法使用合規(guī)合法,合乎科技倫理,合乎人類文明發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益。




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作者信息:

付冉冉

(南京審計(jì)大學(xué) 法學(xué)院,江蘇 南京211815)


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