中圖分類號(hào)：TN827+.4 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223480 中文引用格式： 田娟，蔡愛(ài)華，翁麗娜. 空基網(wǎng)絡(luò)定向天線對(duì)準(zhǔn)與跟蹤技術(shù)綜述[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用，2023，49(6)：1-8. 英文引用格式： Tian Juan，Cai Aihua，Weng Lina. Review on alignment and tracking technologies of directional antenna in air-based networks[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2023，49(6)：1-8.
Review on alignment and tracking technologies of directional antenna in air-based networks
Tian Juan，Cai Aihua，Weng Lina
(China Academy of Electronic and Information Technology， Beijing 100041， China)
Abstract： In order to meet the requirements of future communication such as wide band, large capacity, long distance and multi-member, directional antenna has been gradually and widely used. The directional antenna only sends and receives electromagnetic waves in some specific directions, compared with the omnidirectional antenna, it has good concealment and anti-interference ability, and increases the effective utilization of radiation power, so it can expand the communication distance and adapt to the complex environment of multi-member better. But at the same time, this feature makes “directional antenna alignment” become the hot spot of research. The beam gets narrower in order to alleviate the influence of propagation loss when the communication frequency gets higher, which intensifies the difficulty of alignment. And both communication parties move at a high speed, how to keep the antenna tracking in real time is another crucial. Therefore, aiming at the air-to-air scenario, this paper summarizes the methods of pointing solution, angle measurement and dynamic tracking, and discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Then the system architecture based on a control scheme combining coordinate tracing strategy and signal tracing strategy aided by motion prediction is concluded, and the potential challenges and future development of directional antenna alignment and tracking technology are also illustrated.
Key words : air-to-air；directional antenna alignment；dynamic tracking；angle measurement；motion prediction
