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孔縫尺寸參數(shù)對(duì)腔體的5G屏蔽效能影響規(guī)律研究
2023年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第4期
趙欣洋,尹琦云,楊晨,陸洪建
(國(guó)網(wǎng)寧夏電力有限公司 超高壓公司,寧夏 銀川 750000)
摘要: 為保證換流站5G設(shè)備屏蔽腔體的屏蔽性能,明確腔體孔縫數(shù)量及尺寸對(duì)其屏蔽效能的影響規(guī)律,在HFSS仿真環(huán)境下,構(gòu)建了屏蔽腔體的電磁屏蔽效能分析模型,分析了5G微帶貼片天線電磁輻射的空間分布特征;然后,分析了腔體孔縫高度對(duì)屏蔽效能的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)不同孔縫直徑下屏蔽效能均隨孔縫高度的增加而呈增強(qiáng)趨勢(shì),電磁輻射強(qiáng)度由0.5 mm高度下的24.81 dB降低為2.0 mm高度下的16.29 dB,同時(shí)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)屏蔽效能隨孔縫直徑的增加呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),最大輻射強(qiáng)度由1.0 mm直徑的-15.13 dB增長(zhǎng)至7.0 mm直徑的49.87 dB;最后,在孔縫面積占比一定的情況下,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著孔縫數(shù)量的增多和孔縫直徑的減小,屏蔽腔體的屏蔽效能是不斷提高的。
中圖分類號(hào):TN929.5
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223380
中文引用格式: 趙欣洋,尹琦云,楊晨,等. 孔縫尺寸參數(shù)對(duì)腔體的5G屏蔽效能影響規(guī)律研究[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2023,49(4):16-20.
英文引用格式: Zhao Xinyang,Yin Qiyun,Yang Chen,et al. Influence of aperture size parameters on 5G shielding effectiveness of shielding cavity[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,49(4):16-20.
Influence of aperture size parameters on 5G shielding effectiveness of shielding cavity
Zhao Xinyang,Yin Qiyun,Yang Chen,Lu Hongjian
(State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Ultra-High Voltage Company,Yinchuan 750000,China)
Abstract: In order to ensure the shielding performance of the shielding cavity of the 5G equipment in the converter station, and to clarify the rule of the influence of the number and size of the cavity aperture on its shielding effectiveness, this study constructs the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness analysis model of the shielding cavity under the HFSS simulation environment, and analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation of the 5G microstrip patch antenna. Then, the influence of the slot height of the cavity on the shielding effectiveness is analyzed. It is found that the shielding effectiveness under different slot diameters increases with the increase of the slot height, and the electromagnetic radiation intensity decreases from 24.81 dB at 0.5 mm height to 16.29 dB at 2.0 mm height. At the same time, the analysis shows that the shielding effectiveness decreases with the increase of the slot diameter, and the maximum radiation intensity increases from -15.13 dB at 1.0 mm diameter to 49.87 dB at 7.0 mm diameter. Finally, with a certain proportion of the aperture area, it is found that the shielding effectiveness of the shielding cavity is continuously improved with the increase of the aperture number and the decrease of the aperture diameter.
Key words : 5G communication technology;electromagnetic radiation;shielding cavity;aperture dimension parameters

0 引言

隨著通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展,電力系統(tǒng)通信技術(shù)亦發(fā)展迅速。作為新一代通信技術(shù),5G通信技術(shù)具有高速率、廣連接、低時(shí)延等優(yōu)點(diǎn),推動(dòng)了變電站站內(nèi)監(jiān)控、無人巡視、遠(yuǎn)程操作等日常運(yùn)維業(yè)務(wù)向低延時(shí)、智能化、可視化方向發(fā)展,提高了系統(tǒng)運(yùn)維的安全性、便捷性、交互性。但是,受場(chǎng)地限制,實(shí)際應(yīng)用中5G基站天線與電氣一次及二次設(shè)備相距較近,5G基站發(fā)出的電磁輻射場(chǎng)及其激勵(lì)下大尺寸電氣設(shè)備產(chǎn)生的電磁散射場(chǎng)施加在電氣二次設(shè)備上,對(duì)電氣二次設(shè)備(如繼電保護(hù)、遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控等)產(chǎn)生電磁干擾,可能影響設(shè)備的正常運(yùn)行。

隨著直流輸電的快速發(fā)展,換流站及站內(nèi)設(shè)備在系統(tǒng)中出現(xiàn)的頻率越來越高。換流站內(nèi)電氣二次設(shè)備與5G通信設(shè)備的電磁兼容問題逐步引起業(yè)內(nèi)專家的重視。對(duì)換流站內(nèi)繼電保護(hù)等電氣二次設(shè)備加裝金屬屏蔽腔體,是減輕通信設(shè)備間電磁干擾的有效手段。屏蔽腔體電磁屏蔽效能的分析和計(jì)算是電磁防護(hù)領(lǐng)域的重要研究方向。由電磁兼容理論可知,加裝全封閉金屬腔可以完全屏蔽外界的電磁干擾,但其不能滿足被保護(hù)設(shè)備自身的信息交換和設(shè)備散熱需求。因此,實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,為被保護(hù)的電氣二次設(shè)備加裝帶有一定數(shù)量孔縫的金屬腔體是降低電磁干擾的有效方式。現(xiàn)有研究表明,腔體的孔縫數(shù)量及尺寸、電磁干擾信號(hào)的頻率等參數(shù)對(duì)屏蔽腔的屏蔽效能影響顯著。不恰當(dāng)?shù)膮?shù)組合可能削弱腔體的屏蔽效能,輕則導(dǎo)致被保護(hù)電氣設(shè)備的通信受到超閾值干擾,重則導(dǎo)致被保護(hù)電氣設(shè)備的整體失靈。

因此,為合理確定屏蔽腔體的孔縫尺寸參數(shù),保證良好的屏蔽性能,亟需分析腔體孔縫數(shù)量及尺寸對(duì)其屏蔽效能的影響規(guī)律。本研究擬在HFSS仿真環(huán)境下,構(gòu)建電磁屏蔽效能分析模型,包含5G微帶貼片天線、屏蔽金屬腔體以及單極子天線等模塊,分析不同孔縫尺寸參數(shù)下屏蔽腔體對(duì)單極子天線的5G電磁干擾水平,明確孔縫尺寸參數(shù)對(duì)屏蔽腔體的屏蔽效能的影響規(guī)律,為屏蔽腔體的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供理論支持。




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作者信息:

趙欣洋,尹琦云,楊晨,陸洪建

(國(guó)網(wǎng)寧夏電力有限公司 超高壓公司,寧夏 銀川 750000)


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