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長三角制造企業(yè)數(shù)字化投入對績效的影響研究
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理 5期
朱妍妍1,呂陽陽2,齊佳音3
(1.上海對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué) 統(tǒng)計與信息學(xué)院,上海201620;2.上海對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué) 工商管理學(xué)院,上海201620; 3.上海對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué) 人工智能與變革管理研究院,上海200336)
摘要: 國家“十四五規(guī)劃”將數(shù)字經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提到國民經(jīng)濟的高度,數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型已成為傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)實現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要途經(jīng)。然而在數(shù)字經(jīng)濟的浪潮之下,很多傳統(tǒng)企業(yè)面臨著“不敢轉(zhuǎn)型”或“不會轉(zhuǎn)型”的現(xiàn)實困難。因此,采用訪談法和問卷調(diào)查法,以長三角地區(qū)制造業(yè)企業(yè)為研究對象,通過結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型分析方法揭示制造企業(yè)的數(shù)字化投入對經(jīng)營績效的影響機制,以期為傳統(tǒng)企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型提供參考思路。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型能顯著提升企業(yè)的經(jīng)營績效,企業(yè)數(shù)字化資源對數(shù)字化能力有顯著的正影響作用,數(shù)字化能力起到數(shù)字化投入影響經(jīng)營績效的中介作用,因此數(shù)字化人才的勞動是企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵。
中圖分類號: F270;F49
文獻標識碼: A
DOI: 10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2022.05.012
引用格式: 朱妍妍,呂陽陽,齊佳音. 長三角制造企業(yè)數(shù)字化投入對績效的影響研究[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,2022,41(5):78-85.
Research on the influence of digital input on business performance of manufacturing enterprises in Yangtze River Delta
Zhu Yanyan1,Lv Yangyang2,Qi Jiayin3
(1.School of Statistics and Information,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China; 2.School of Management,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China; 3.Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Change Management,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai 200336,China)
Abstract: he National 14th Five-Year Plan has brought the development of the digital economy to a high level in the national economy, and digital transformation has become an important way for traditional industries to achieve high-quality sustainable development. However, under the tide of digital economy, many traditional enterprises are facing the real difficulties of “not daring to transform” or “not knowing how to transform”. Therefore, this paper uses interviews, questionnaires and SEM method to reveal the impact of digital investment on the business performance of manufacturing enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta region, expecting to provide reference ideas for the digital transformation of traditional enterprises. The main findings are: digital transformation of enterprises can significantly improve the business performance of enterprises, digital resources of enterprises have a significant positive impact on digital capabilities, digital capabilities play a mediating role of digital inputs affecting business performance. Therefore, the labour of digital talents is the key to digital transformation of enterprises.
Key words : digital transformation;performance of enterprise;digital input in manufacturing

0 引言

隨著新一輪信息技術(shù)變革的推進,數(shù)字經(jīng)濟呈現(xiàn)爆發(fā)式增長,全球進入了數(shù)字化社會,數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型已成為獲得超越性競爭優(yōu)勢的工具[1]。中國信息通信研究院發(fā)布的《中國數(shù)字經(jīng)濟發(fā)展白皮書》數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2021年我國數(shù)字經(jīng)濟規(guī)模達到45.5萬億元,占GDP比重為39.8%,占比同比提升16.2個百分點,有效支撐疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展。“十四五規(guī)劃”也指出要激活數(shù)據(jù)要素潛能,加快建設(shè)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟、數(shù)字社會、數(shù)字政府,以數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型整體驅(qū)動生產(chǎn)方式生活方式和治理方式變革。數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型是一個組織變革的過程,企業(yè)在此過程中將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)、人工智能等數(shù)字技術(shù)應(yīng)用于流程、產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)創(chuàng)新,推動企業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式重組變革。

制造業(yè)作為中國國民經(jīng)濟的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)和經(jīng)濟增長的主導(dǎo)部門,在國家政策的支持下也逐步開展了數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型以在數(shù)字時代保持市場競爭優(yōu)勢,特別是受到新冠肺炎疫情的沖擊,眾多制造業(yè)企業(yè)紛紛加快了數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型步伐試圖沖破發(fā)展困局[2]。盡管數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型已得到了很多企業(yè)的重視,但埃森哲《2020中國企業(yè)數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)型指數(shù)研究》顯示,僅有11%的企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型的成效顯著。數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型實際成效與企業(yè)預(yù)期不相符的現(xiàn)實困境,在一定程度上阻礙了企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型的積極性和主動性。因此,需要厘清數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型對提升企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效的實際效果到底如何,企業(yè)的數(shù)字化投入又會如何影響企業(yè)的經(jīng)營績效。

針對以上問題,本文以數(shù)字化投入對企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效的影響為研究對象,聚焦于我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展最活躍、開放程度最高、創(chuàng)新能力最強的區(qū)域之一——長江三角洲(長三角)地區(qū),訪談具有代表性的制造業(yè)企業(yè),探究這些企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型的成效。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過更大范圍的問卷調(diào)查以分析數(shù)字化的投入如何影響企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效。希望通過展示長三角地區(qū)制造業(yè)企業(yè)的數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型成效及可行的數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型路徑,為相關(guān)企業(yè)數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型和政府政策制定提供參考經(jīng)驗。




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作者信息:

朱妍妍1,呂陽陽2,齊佳音3

(1.上海對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué) 統(tǒng)計與信息學(xué)院,上海201620;2.上海對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué) 工商管理學(xué)院,上海201620;

3.上海對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué) 人工智能與變革管理研究院,上海200336)



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