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基于龍芯2K1000的Loongnix系統(tǒng)實時性優(yōu)化方法研究
2022年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第6期
俞冠中,韋 雄,田青旺,史旭明
國核自儀系統(tǒng)工程有限公司,上海200241
摘要: 在高可靠性要求的工業(yè)自動化應(yīng)用中,Loongnix系統(tǒng)作為一種分時操作系統(tǒng),其實時性不能滿足可靠性要求,需要使用實時操作系統(tǒng)。在分析研究Loongnix的Linux內(nèi)核實時性缺陷和RT-Preempt實時性優(yōu)化方法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出一種基于RT-Preempt-Linux實時內(nèi)核替換Loongnix系統(tǒng)原生Linux內(nèi)核的方法,實現(xiàn)Loongnix實時性優(yōu)化和實時化改造,用自設(shè)計測試軟件和專用實時性工具Cyclictest對改造后的Loongnix系統(tǒng)進行驗證測試。測試結(jié)果表明改造后的Loongnix系統(tǒng)的實時性能獲得大幅提升,進程切換時間、線程切換時間以及任務(wù)延時都能達到微秒級,滿足工業(yè)自動化應(yīng)用的可靠性要求。
中圖分類號: TP311;TP316.2
文獻標(biāo)識碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.212461
中文引用格式: 俞冠中,韋雄,田青旺,等. 基于龍芯2K1000的Loongnix系統(tǒng)實時性優(yōu)化方法研究[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2022,48(6):98-102,111.
英文引用格式: Yu Guanzhong,Wei Xiong,Tian Qingwang,et al. Research on method of real-time performance optimization of Loongnix operation system based on Loongson 2K1000[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(6):98-102,111.
Research on method of real-time performance optimization of Loongnix operation system based on Loongson 2K1000
Yu Guanzhong,Wei Xiong,Tian Qingwang,Shi Xuming
State Nuclear Power Automation System Engineering Corp,Shanghai 200241,China
Abstract: Because LoongnixOS is the time-sharing operating system, it cannot meet the requirement of high reliability in industrial automation application which requires to use real-time operating system(RTOS). On the basis of analysis of and study on defects of real-time performance in Linux kernel of LoongnixOS and the method to optimize real-time performance in RT-Preemption patch, the method of real-time transformation of LoongnixOS and optimizing real-time performance of LoongnixOS is put forward, in which a RT-Preempt-Linux kernel is a substitute for original Linux kernel of LoongnixOS. Self-developing real-time performance softwares and Cyclictest are utilized to verify the method. Results of test show that the method can be effective in improvement of real-time performance of LoongnixOS. Real-time performance, including process-switching time, thread-switching time and task-switching delay, of the LoongnixOS transferred to RTOS achieves the grade of microsecond.
Key words : Loongson;Loongnix;Linux;RT-Preempt;real-time opration

0 引言

    龍芯2K1000處理器[1-2]是一款面向工業(yè)自動化與工業(yè)控制應(yīng)用場景的高性能低功耗通用處理器,基于MIPS64架構(gòu),采用40 nm制造工藝[3],主頻最高1 GHz,功耗小于5 W,支持64位DDR2/3-1066內(nèi)存,提供SPI、UART、I2S、I2C、USB2.0等通用外設(shè)接口。

    目前市場上,龍芯2K1000板卡一般預(yù)裝Loongnix操作系統(tǒng)。Loongnix操作系統(tǒng)是一種基于Linux內(nèi)核的圖形化界面操作系統(tǒng)。和Linux系統(tǒng)一樣,Loongnix系統(tǒng)也是分時系統(tǒng)[4],不能滿足對實時性要求較高的工業(yè)自動化場景(如電站控制[5-6])的要求。因此,需要針對Linux內(nèi)核影響實時性能的因素進行實時性改造和優(yōu)化。




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作者信息:

俞冠中,韋  雄,田青旺,史旭明

(國核自儀系統(tǒng)工程有限公司,上海200241)




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