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基于實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)流特征提取的設(shè)備能耗異常識(shí)別算法研究
信息技術(shù)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全
黃家續(xù)1,曾獻(xiàn)輝1,2,施陳俊1
(1.東華大學(xué) 信息科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院,上海201620;2.數(shù)字化紡織服裝技術(shù)教育部工程研究中心,上海201620)
摘要: 能耗設(shè)備的節(jié)能是企業(yè)節(jié)能減排中非常重要的一環(huán),及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)能耗設(shè)備運(yùn)行中出現(xiàn)的異常,對(duì)減少不必要的企業(yè)能耗具有重要意義。利用采集到的設(shè)備實(shí)時(shí)能耗數(shù)據(jù)流,提出了一種基于多特征提取的設(shè)備能耗異常識(shí)別分類方法。首先,對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)提取了低能耗時(shí)間比、高能耗時(shí)間量、DTW距離等特征量,隨后利用孤立森林算法和K-means聚類算法對(duì)每條樣本數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行類型標(biāo)定,最后構(gòu)建了注意力機(jī)制與LSTM相結(jié)合的設(shè)備能耗異常分類算法。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該算法的分類正確率達(dá)到了97.76%,可以高效識(shí)別出不同類型的設(shè)備能耗異常,從而為企業(yè)及時(shí)作出處理、減少能耗損失提供了決策依據(jù)。
中圖分類號(hào): TP301.6;TK01+8
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A
DOI: 10.19358/j.issn.2096-5133.2021.05.008
引用格式: 黃家續(xù),曾獻(xiàn)輝,施陳俊. 基于實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)流特征提取的設(shè)備能耗異常識(shí)別算法研究[J].信息技術(shù)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全,2021,40(5):45-50.
Research on equipment energy consumption anomaly identification algorithm based on real-time data stream feature extraction
Huang Jiaxu1,Zeng Xianhui1,2,Shi Chenjun1
(1.College of Information Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China; 2.Engineering Research Center of Digitized Textile & Apparel Technology,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201620,China)
Abstract: Energy saving of energy consumption equipment is a very important part of the enterprise energy saving and emission reduction, timely discovery of abnormal energy consumption equipment operation, to reduce unnecessary energy consumption of enterprises is of great significance.In this paper, based on the collected real-time data stream of equipment energy consumption, a new method of equipment energy consumption anomaly recognition and classification based on multi-feature extraction was proposed.Firstly, the characteristic parameters such as low energy consumption time ratio, high energy consumption time quantity and DTW distance were extracted from the sample data. Then, the isolated forest algorithm and K-means clustering algorithm were used to carry out type calibration for each sample data. Finally, the abnormal classification algorithm of equipment energy consumption combining attention mechanism and LSTM was constructed.The experimental results show that the classification accuracy of the algorithm reaches 97.76%, which can effectively identify the abnormal energy consumption of different types of equipment, so as to provide a decision-making basis for enterprises to make timely treatment and reduce the loss of energy consumption.
Key words : feature extraction;attention mechanism;LSTM;classification algorithm

0 引言

節(jié)能降耗是企業(yè)面對(duì)的一個(gè)迫在眉睫的問(wèn)題,設(shè)備節(jié)能是其中的一種有效手段。企業(yè)能源浪費(fèi)很大一部分來(lái)自用電設(shè)備的管理維護(hù)不夠精確、不夠及時(shí)。人走忘記關(guān)燈、忘記關(guān)水、設(shè)備爆管、設(shè)備老化等異常不能夠及時(shí)檢測(cè)出來(lái),給企業(yè)造成了一定程度上的損失。

目前企業(yè)中大多都使用了設(shè)備能耗數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)[1],采集到的數(shù)據(jù)量大、實(shí)時(shí)產(chǎn)生。因此,設(shè)備運(yùn)行過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的各種異常也會(huì)在數(shù)據(jù)上有直接反映。所以為了能夠及時(shí)、精確地檢測(cè)出設(shè)備運(yùn)行中產(chǎn)生的各種異常,對(duì)能耗數(shù)據(jù)異常的檢測(cè)以及分類有著重要的研究意義。

目前國(guó)內(nèi)外許多研究者對(duì)用電數(shù)據(jù)的異常檢測(cè)進(jìn)行了大量的研究。黃悅?cè)A等提出了一種基于用電特征分析的無(wú)監(jiān)督方式異常檢測(cè)方法[2],具有較高的準(zhǔn)確性;張春輝等提出了基于小波檢測(cè)電力負(fù)荷異常的方法,利用ARFIMA統(tǒng)計(jì)方法結(jié)合小波,能夠快速準(zhǔn)確全面地發(fā)現(xiàn)電力負(fù)荷異常數(shù)據(jù)[3];趙嫚等利用模糊聚類和孤立森林算法相結(jié)合進(jìn)行異常檢測(cè)[4];徐瑤等采用卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)挖掘用戶時(shí)間序列中的用電規(guī)律,并通過(guò)反向傳播來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)的更新,利用支持向量機(jī)檢測(cè)出異常用電行為[5];ANGELOS E W S等人使用模糊分類矩陣來(lái)改進(jìn)C均值聚類,歸一化度量距離最大的即為異常用電行為[6];ARISOY I等基于電力公司長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)營(yíng)的專家知識(shí),對(duì)用電數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)間關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模,實(shí)現(xiàn)了用戶異常用電量的檢測(cè)[7]。




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作者信息:

黃家續(xù)1,曾獻(xiàn)輝1,2,施陳俊1

(1.東華大學(xué) 信息科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院,上海201620;2.數(shù)字化紡織服裝技術(shù)教育部工程研究中心,上海201620)


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