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基于數(shù)據(jù)中臺(tái)的地理信息要素融合治理的構(gòu)想與實(shí)踐
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理
文娜1,鄧一杰2,楊帆1,劉賀1,徐瑩2
1.西安測(cè)繪總站; 2.數(shù)據(jù)管理中心
摘要: 隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展,測(cè)繪地理信息已經(jīng)從傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)資源轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閿?shù)據(jù)要素,其在各類數(shù)據(jù)之間發(fā)揮著“紐帶”作用,對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)治理尤為重要。面向地理信息要素,分析其特點(diǎn)與問題,針對(duì)其難以匯聚管理且應(yīng)用質(zhì)效低的情況,基于數(shù)據(jù)中臺(tái)的理念與思想,設(shè)計(jì)地理信息要素面向數(shù)據(jù)中臺(tái)融合治理的體系架構(gòu),提出全流程的實(shí)踐方法,并針對(duì)其中的數(shù)據(jù)融合、要素實(shí)體化兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵步驟的流程與方法進(jìn)行闡述。地理信息要素的有效融合與治理,對(duì)于構(gòu)建數(shù)字中國(guó)、推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展具有重要作用。
中圖分類號(hào):P208文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:ADOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2025.04.008
引用格式:文娜,鄧一杰,楊帆,等. 基于數(shù)據(jù)中臺(tái)的地理信息要素融合治理的構(gòu)想與實(shí)踐[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,2025,44(4):52-57.
Conception and practice of geographic information element fusion governance based on the data middle platform
Wen Na1,Deng Yijie2,Yang Fan1,Liu He1,Xu Ying2
1. Xi′an Division of Surving and Mapping; 2. Data Management Center
Abstract: With the development of technology, surveying and mapping geographic information have transformed from traditional data resources into data elements, playing a "linking" role among various types of data and being particularly important for data governance. This paper focuses on geographic information element data, and analyzes its characteristics and problems. In the face of the situation that it is difficult to converge and manage, and the application quality and efficiency are low, based on the concept and idea of the data middle-platform, a system architecture for the fusion governance of geographic information elements oriented to the data middle-platform is designed, and a full-process practical method is proposed. Moreover, the processes and methods of the two key steps, namely data fusion and element materialization, are elaborated. The effective fusion and governance of geographic information elements plays an important role in constructing a digital China and promoting high-quality economic and social development.
Key words : geographic information element data; data middle-platform; element data fusion; element data materialization

引言

在大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代,地理信息要素作為數(shù)字世界的重要組成部分,其價(jià)值日益凸顯[1]。地理信息要素的來源包括基礎(chǔ)地理空間數(shù)據(jù)、行業(yè)專題數(shù)據(jù),以及通過新型測(cè)繪感知技術(shù)獲取的多源動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù),可為數(shù)字中國(guó)提供統(tǒng)一的空間定位框架和分析基礎(chǔ)[2],也可為數(shù)字地球的數(shù)據(jù)治理提供大量的時(shí)空數(shù)據(jù)支持。其空間概念與豐富的種類,使其在實(shí)景三維中國(guó)建設(shè)[3]、智慧城市[4]時(shí)空大數(shù)據(jù)平臺(tái)等眾多新型項(xiàng)目中擔(dān)任數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)的角色,且在資源管理、交通運(yùn)輸、城市規(guī)劃等方面發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。在要素?cái)?shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上完成實(shí)體化,可進(jìn)一步提高數(shù)據(jù)的可用性和可讀性,增強(qiáng)數(shù)據(jù)與其他領(lǐng)域的深度關(guān)聯(lián),實(shí)現(xiàn)跨領(lǐng)域跨部門的融合與智能分析。

然而,面對(duì)海量、多源、異構(gòu)的地理信息數(shù)據(jù),如何實(shí)現(xiàn)高效管理、深度挖掘和廣泛應(yīng)用成為了一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)[5-6],在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,目前的地理信息數(shù)據(jù)管理系統(tǒng)與應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)脫離,數(shù)據(jù)管理多以文件系統(tǒng)與數(shù)據(jù)庫的混合管理或以要素層組織的數(shù)據(jù)庫管理的方式實(shí)現(xiàn),難以實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)精細(xì)要素級(jí)的管理與應(yīng)用,系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用需要對(duì)原始數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行解析與復(fù)雜處理,形成各自獨(dú)立的系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)模型與資源,無法實(shí)現(xiàn)信息共享與數(shù)據(jù)復(fù)用,難以發(fā)揮數(shù)據(jù)成果的最大效能。數(shù)據(jù)中臺(tái)技術(shù)可將其視為一個(gè)集采集、加工、管理、存儲(chǔ)、共享功能于一體,將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化數(shù)據(jù)提供給應(yīng)用層的服務(wù)平臺(tái),作為一種新興的數(shù)據(jù)管理和應(yīng)用模式,為解決這些問題提供了新的思路[7-10]。本文將基于數(shù)據(jù)中臺(tái)的理念,詳細(xì)探討地理信息數(shù)據(jù)融合治理的構(gòu)想與實(shí)踐方法。


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作者信息:

文娜1,鄧一杰2,楊帆1,劉賀1,徐瑩2

(1.西安測(cè)繪總站,陜西西安710000;

2.數(shù)據(jù)管理中心,北京100000)


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