《電子技術應用》
您所在的位置:首頁 > 其他 > 設計應用 > 數(shù)據(jù)主權下CPTPP安全例外條款適用困境及其紓解
數(shù)據(jù)主權下CPTPP安全例外條款適用困境及其紓解
網(wǎng)絡安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理
陳思怡
湖南師范大學法學院
摘要: CPTPP沿用的WTO安全例外條款已難以應對當前大數(shù)據(jù)時代的挑戰(zhàn)。數(shù)據(jù)主權理論能夠有效紓解CPTPP安全例外條款所面臨的理論困境。為此,應當肯定爭端裁判機構的管轄權,至于自裁決的范圍可由專家組自行判斷,或是考慮該成員方向WTO遞交的相關意見書;從規(guī)則層面,應將可能直接威脅國家主權的非傳統(tǒng)安全問題納入到“基本安全利益”的范圍,明確列舉可適用的情形;從程序方面,應完善安全例外條款的程序要求,以防范安全例外條款的濫用。
中圖分類號:D996文獻標識碼:ADOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2024.07.014
引用格式:陳思怡.數(shù)據(jù)主權下CPTPP安全例外條款適用困境及其紓解[J].網(wǎng)絡安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,2024,43(7):95-101.
The dilemma of the application of the CPTPP security exception provision under data sovereignty and relief
Chen Siyi
School of Law, Hunan Normal University
Abstract: The WTO security exception followed by the CPTPP is no longer able to cope with the challenges of the current Big Data era. The theory of data sovereignty can effectively alleviate the theoretical dilemma faced by the CPTPP security exception. In this regard, the jurisdiction of the dispute adjudication body should be affirmed, and the scope of self-adjudication can be judged by the panel itself or by considering the relevant submissions submitted by the member to the WTO; from the rules level, non-traditional security issues that may directly threaten national sovereignty should be included in the scope of the "essential security interests", and the applicable circumstances should be clearly listed; from the procedural aspect, the procedural requirements for security exception should be improved to prevent the abuse of security exception.
Key words : security exception clause; national security; data sovereignty; cross-border flow of data

引言

在數(shù)據(jù)全球化時代,經(jīng)濟貿易已從傳統(tǒng)的線下模式轉向數(shù)字貿易模式,二戰(zhàn)以來所建立的GATT/WTO傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則已無法應對數(shù)字貿易所帶來的新挑戰(zhàn),國際社會呼喚全新的數(shù)字貿易規(guī)則。而現(xiàn)實是世界各國之間,特別是發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家之間,數(shù)字貿易規(guī)則和政策的制定各有差異,在WTO框架下制定數(shù)字貿易規(guī)則進程較慢,難以達成共識。近年來,許多區(qū)域和雙邊經(jīng)貿協(xié)定的締結更加注重數(shù)據(jù)的跨境流動,并設立電子商務專章規(guī)制數(shù)字貿易等行為?!睹绹?墨西哥-加拿大協(xié)定》(United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement,USMCA)、《數(shù)字經(jīng)濟伙伴關系協(xié)定》(Digital Economy Partnership Agreement,DEPA)、《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟伙伴關系協(xié)定》(Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership,RCEP)、《全面與進步跨太平洋伙伴關系協(xié)定》(Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for TransPacific Partnership,CPTPP)等經(jīng)貿協(xié)定均規(guī)定了數(shù)據(jù)跨境流動相關條款。在大規(guī)模的數(shù)據(jù)跨境流動過程中,存在著對國家主權和安全的潛在威脅。安全例外條款作為數(shù)據(jù)跨境流動的“安全閥”,允許國家在其安全利益受到威脅之時對數(shù)據(jù)的跨境流動進行一定的限制,以維護國家安全。而CPTPP規(guī)定的高標準制度規(guī)范鼓勵數(shù)據(jù)的自由流動,引發(fā)各成員國對于數(shù)據(jù)安全和國家安全的擔憂。由于CPTPP安全例外條款條文較為簡單,相關術語具有模糊性,探討該條的適用具有重要意義。


本文詳細內容請下載:

http://ihrv.cn/resource/share/2000006097


作者信息:

陳思怡

(湖南師范大學法學院,湖南長沙410081)


Magazine.Subscription.jpg

此內容為AET網(wǎng)站原創(chuàng),未經(jīng)授權禁止轉載。